Introduction:
Every year on December 21st, Karnak Temple in Luxor hosts one of Egypt’s most spectacular astronomical phenomena – the solar alignment festival that marks the winter solstice. This breathtaking event attracts thousands of Egyptian and international visitors who gather to witness ancient Egyptian astronomical brilliance.​

The Phenomenon:
The rising sun casts golden rays that perfectly align with Karnak Temple’s main axis, stretching from east to west. Sunlight penetrates through the eastern gate, passes through the Great Hypostyle Hall and the six temple pylons, finally illuminating the sacred barque shrine of Amun-Re in the sanctuary. This alignment lasts for approximately 20 minutes, bathing the normally dark sanctum in brilliant light.​

Historical Significance:
This phenomenon showcases how ancient Egyptians masterfully combined astronomy with architecture over 2,000 years of temple construction. The temple was intentionally designed so sunlight would enter on the winter solstice – the shortest day and longest night of the year – symbolizing renewal and the rebirth of the sun god.​

Festival Activities:
The celebration includes traditional performances by folk dancers, boy scouts, and live music, often featuring harp melodies and performances by the Misr Company for Sound and Light.​

Visitor Information:

• Arrive by 5:00 AM to secure prime viewing spots​

• Bring warm layers for the crisp December morning

• Bring cameras with low-light capabilities​

• The event is free with regular temple admission

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